Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

25.8K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
25.8K
Serial Position Effect01:03

Serial Position Effect

531
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
531
Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

3.1K
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
3.1K
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

753
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
753
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

4.0K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
4.0K
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

8.8K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emerging capabilities in microscale separations and bioanalysis.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Minimized sample consumption for time-resolved serial crystallography applied to the redox cycle of human NQO1.

Communications chemistry·2026
Same author

High-resolution 3D-printed insulator-based dielectrophoresis devices for biomolecular manipulation.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Colon Organoids as Experimental Models to Study the Effect of Micro-Nanoparticles as a Driver of Early-Onset Colon Cancer.

Cells·2026
Same author

Sample delivery methods for protein X-ray crystallography with a special focus on sample consumption.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

A Practical Guide to Developing and Troubleshooting Patient-Derived "Mini-Gut" Colorectal Organoids for Clinical Research.

Methods and protocols·2025
Same journal

Single-cell mass spectrometry imaging: platform advances for multimodal spatial omics.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Advancing total uronic acid quantification using a stable isotope dilution approach: validation and application to plant- and algal-derived polysaccharides.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Electroanalytical method development for the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib using a Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>-MXene based molecularly imprinted polymer modified carbon electrode.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Impact of blood contamination on hydrophilic metabolomics in human meningioma tissue.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

A UiO-66@MR paper-based colorimetric sensor for sensitive detection of food spoilage volatile organic compounds and visual freshness monitoring.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

An electrochemical sensing platform based on UiO@TATF COF/CB composites for the detection of nitrofurazone.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
10:45

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

Published on: March 20, 2021

8.8K

Microfluidic sample delivery for serial crystallography using XFELs.

Austin Echelmeier1,2, Mukul Sonker1,2, Alexandra Ros3,4

  • 1School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Box 871604, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|June 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) enables complex protein structure determination. Recent microfluidic advancements enhance sample delivery for these powerful structural biology techniques.

Keywords:
Fixed-targetInjectorMixingNozzleProteinTime-resolved

More Related Videos

Preparation and Delivery of Protein Microcrystals in Lipidic Cubic Phase for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography
09:09

Preparation and Delivery of Protein Microcrystals in Lipidic Cubic Phase for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography

Published on: September 20, 2016

11.9K
An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering
07:55

An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering

Published on: July 6, 2019

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
10:45

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

Published on: March 20, 2021

8.8K
Preparation and Delivery of Protein Microcrystals in Lipidic Cubic Phase for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography
09:09

Preparation and Delivery of Protein Microcrystals in Lipidic Cubic Phase for Serial Femtosecond Crystallography

Published on: September 20, 2016

11.9K
An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering
07:55

An All-in-one Sample Holder for Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography with Minimal Background Scattering

Published on: July 6, 2019

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a key technique for determining protein structures.
  • X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) provide unprecedented brightness for crystallographic studies.
  • Traditional methods struggle with complex proteins and time-resolved studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in microfluidic sample delivery for XFEL-based SFX.
  • To highlight innovations enabling new research avenues in structural biology.
  • To discuss liquid injection and fixed-target approaches for XFEL crystallography.

Main Methods:

  • Microfluidic device development for sample handling.
  • Integration of microfluidics with X-ray free electron laser sources.
  • Application of liquid injection and fixed-target sample delivery methods.

Main Results:

  • Microfluidic technologies have significantly improved sample delivery for SFX.
  • New approaches allow for the study of previously intractable protein structures.
  • Time-resolved studies from femtoseconds to seconds are now feasible.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic sample delivery is crucial for advancing XFEL-based crystallography.
  • These innovations open doors for novel structural biology research.
  • Continued development promises further breakthroughs in understanding biological systems.