Artifacts That Can Be Misinterpreted as Interictal Discharges.
Sally V Mathias1, Meriem Bensalem-Owen
1Department of Neurology/Epilepsy Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A.
Summary
Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings can include non-cerebral electrical activity (artifacts). Correctly identifying these artifacts is crucial to avoid misdiagnosing epilepsy and ensure appropriate patient treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Medical Technology
Background:
- Electroencephalography (EEG) is presumed to record only cerebral activity.
- Digital technology advancements have improved EEG recording and display capabilities.
- Prolonged EEG recordings and concomitant video/audio monitoring have revealed new artifacts and aided source identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe common EEG artifacts that mimic interictal epileptiform discharges.
- To provide troubleshooting strategies for artifact elimination.
- To differentiate artifacts from true ictal discharges.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on EEG artifacts.
- Description of artifact characteristics.
- Discussion of diagnostic challenges and clinical implications.
Main Results:
- Common artifacts can be mistaken for spike or sharp waves (interictal epileptiform discharges).
- Inexperienced readers are prone to overinterpreting normal EEGs due to artifacts.
- Misidentification of artifacts can lead to misdiagnosis of epilepsy and inappropriate treatments.
Conclusions:
- Accurate artifact identification in EEG is essential for correct diagnosis.
- Distinguishing artifacts from true epileptiform discharges prevents misdiagnosis and harmful treatments.
- This review aids clinicians in recognizing and managing common EEG artifacts.
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