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Related Concept Videos

Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
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The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
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The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
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States of Matter01:20

States of Matter

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Solids, liquids, and gases are the three states of matter commonly found on Earth. A solid is rigid and possesses a definite shape. A liquid flows and takes the shape of its container, except it forms a flat or slightly curved upper surface when acted upon by gravity. Both liquid and solid samples have volumes nearly independent of pressure. A gas takes both the shape and volume of its container.
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The substance of the universe—from a grain of sand to a star—is called matter. Scientists define matter as anything that occupies space and has mass. An object’s mass and its weight are related concepts, but not quite the same. An object’s mass is the amount of matter contained in the object and is the same whether that object is on Earth or in the zero-gravity environment of outer space. An object’s weight, on the other hand, is its mass as affected by the pull of...
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Ovine Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model Utilizing a Lateral Retroperitoneal Drill Bit Injury
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Retroperitoneal Sarcomas: Does Laterality Matter?

Johanna Lou1, Ambria S Moten2, Sanjay S Reddy3

  • 1Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|July 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laterality of retroperitoneal sarcomas did not impact patient survival or recurrence risk. However, tumor location was associated with specific sarcoma types and the need for adjacent organ resection.

Keywords:
Retroperitoneal sarcomaSoft tissue sarcomaSurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Retroperitoneal sarcomas are malignant connective tissue tumors with variable etiology.
  • Prognosis is influenced by factors like grade, resection extent, and tumor integrity.
  • Laterality (tumor location) as a prognostic factor requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the laterality of retroperitoneal sarcomas and tumor characteristics.
  • To explore the relationship between tumor laterality, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes.
  • To determine if tumor location influences prognosis in retroperitoneal sarcoma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 106 patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma undergoing resection.
  • Comparison of categorical variables using chi-square test and continuous variables using ANOVA.
  • Cox regression analysis to assess the risk of death and recurrence based on laterality.

Main Results:

  • Laterality showed significant associations with tumor histology: bilateral/midline tumors were more often leiomyosarcomas, while right-sided tumors were frequently liposarcomas.
  • No significant relationship was found between laterality and tumor grade or stage.
  • Resection of contiguous organs varied by laterality; nephrectomy with right-sided tumors, splenectomy/pancreatectomy with left-sided tumors, and pancreaticoduodenectomy with midline/bilateral tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor laterality did not demonstrate a significant impact on patient survival or recurrence risk.
  • Significant associations exist between retroperitoneal sarcoma laterality, histology, and the extent of surgical resection.
  • Further research is warranted to fully understand the implications of laterality in retroperitoneal sarcoma management.