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Published on: September 27, 2020
Theories of intelligence influence self-regulated study choices and learning
Yaoping Peng1, Jonathan G Tullis1
1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Arizona.
Believing intelligence is malleable improves learning. Students who thought intelligence could grow chose to restudy harder material, leading to better memory recall and more effective study strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Metacognition
Background:
- Effective self-regulated learning is vital for academic success.
- Learner variability in study regulation strategies is significant.
- Beliefs about intelligence may influence metacognitive control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of intelligence beliefs on metacognitive control.
- To determine if theories of intelligence affect study choices and learning efficacy.
- To explore the link between implicit theories of intelligence and self-regulated learning.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments manipulated participants' theories of intelligence (fixed vs. malleable).
- Participants studied word lists and selected items for restudy.
- Memory performance was assessed after restudying chosen items.
Main Results:
- Learners persuaded that intelligence is malleable chose to restudy more poorly learned items.
- This strategic restudying led to significantly better memory performance compared to those with a fixed mindset.
- Beliefs about intelligence influenced metacognitive control over study choices.
Conclusions:
- Implicit theories of intelligence shape learners' goals and metacognitive strategies.
- Fostering a growth mindset can enhance self-regulated learning and academic outcomes.
- Understanding intelligence beliefs is key to improving educational interventions.
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