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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Effect of nutrients and exhaustive exercise on brain function.

Sun Young Lim1, Yi-Sub Kwak2

  • 1Division of Marine Bioscience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea.

Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation
|July 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Healthy diets rich in polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and regular exercise enhance cognitive function. These factors influence the gut microbiome and activate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) for improved brain health.

Keywords:
Brain functionBrain-derived neurotropic factorDocosahexaenoic acidExhaustive exercisePolyphenolsβ-Hydroxybutyrate

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Cognitive ability is linked to health-oriented eating habits.
  • Nutrients like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are vital for brain function.
  • Physical exercise and energy restriction support brain health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on how nutrients and exercise impact nervous system pathways for cognitive enhancement.
  • To explore the neuronal mechanisms of nutrients and exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) activation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific evidence.
  • Analysis of studies on nutrient-gut microbiome interactions.
  • Examination of exercise-induced metabolic pathways affecting BDNF.

Main Results:

  • Polyphenols and n-3 PUFAs positively alter the gut microbiome, potentially influencing cognitive function.
  • Prolonged physical exercise, particularly open skill sports, stimulates BDNF via free fatty acid beta-oxidation.
  • Beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) production, stimulated by low carbohydrate intake or fasting, also promotes BDNF.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary interventions and exercise represent promising strategies for cognitive health.
  • The gut microbiome may play a significant role in cognitive function.
  • BDNF activation through exercise and metabolic changes is crucial for brain function and metabolism.