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Proteogenomics: advances in cancer antigen research

Takayuki Kanaseki1, Toshihiko Torigoe1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University , Sapporo , Japan.

Immunological Medicine
|July 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Proteogenomics identifies novel cancer antigens from HLA presentation, including neoantigens and spliced peptides. This approach advances cancer immunology and immunotherapy development by revealing new therapeutic targets and biomarkers.

Area of Science:

  • Cancer immunology
  • Proteomics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • T cells are crucial for cancer immunity, recognizing antigen peptides presented by HLA molecules.
  • Identifying cancer antigens and their production mechanisms is vital for effective cancer immunology.
  • Current methods have limitations in comprehensively identifying all relevant cancer antigens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce proteogenomics as a powerful approach for cancer antigen research.
  • To highlight the application of proteogenomics in identifying diverse classes of cancer antigens.
  • To underscore the potential of these antigens as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing mass spectrometry and next-generation sequencing for a comprehensive analysis.
  • Applying proteogenomics to capture the immunopeptidome displayed by HLA molecules.
  • Integrating proteomic and genomic data to identify novel antigen sources.

Main Results:

  • Proteogenomics comprehensively captures the HLA-displayed immunopeptidome.
  • Discovery of new antigen classes, including mutation-derived neoantigens.
  • Identification of spliced peptides and peptides derived from non-coding regions.

Conclusions:

  • Proteogenomics offers a promising strategy for advancing cancer antigen discovery.
  • The identified antigens represent potential targets for cancer immunotherapy and biomarkers.
  • This approach significantly contributes to the development of novel cancer immunotherapies.
Keywords:
CTLCancer antigenHLAimmunotherapy

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