A Method for Energy Balance and Data Transmission Optimal Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Network Engineering

Background:

• Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) rely on battery-powered nodes, leading to uneven energy distribution due to varying communication distances.
• Uneven energy distribution limits the operational lifespan of WSNs, especially in applications requiring simultaneous node operation.
• Existing clustering protocols offer some energy balancing but do not achieve optimal energy efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel method for fully balancing energy in wireless sensor networks using power line connections.
• To introduce an optimized power line connection scheme minimizing total power line length.
• To develop a data transmission strategy based on optimal hop count to reduce power consumption.

Main Methods:

• Connecting nodes via power supply lines to achieve uniform energy distribution.
• Implementing a shortest power line length connection scheme for efficient network topology.
• Utilizing an optimal hop count routing strategy for data transmission.

Main Results:

• The proposed power line connection method effectively balances energy across all nodes in the network.
• The shortest power line length scheme minimizes infrastructure costs and energy loss.
• The optimal hop count data transmission significantly reduces overall power consumption.
• Simulation results demonstrate a notable reduction in energy consumption and an extension of WSN operational lifetime.

Conclusions:

• Connecting nodes with power supply lines offers a superior solution for energy balancing in WSNs compared to clustering protocols.
• The integrated approach of energy balancing and optimized data transmission maximizes network efficiency and longevity.
• This method provides a practical and effective strategy for prolonging the lifespan of wireless sensor networks.