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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Pilot In Vitro Study to Assess Cleaning Ability and Effects of Different Decontamination Methods on Implant Surfaces
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Effects of Distraction on Performance Validity: A Pilot Study with Veterans.

Robert D Shura1,2,3, Katherine H Taber1,4,5, Patrick Armistead-Jehle6

  • 1VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MA-MIRECC), Salisbury, NC, USA.

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists
|July 23, 2019
PubMed
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Cognitive distraction significantly impacts performance validity testing, specifically the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), while physical distraction does not. This finding is crucial for accurate assessments in veterans.

Keywords:
DistractionMSVTPerformance validityVeteran

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Performance validity testing (PVT) is essential for identifying non-organic memory impairments.
  • Distraction paradigms are increasingly explored to understand cognitive load effects on PVT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cognitive and physical distractions on performance validity testing.
  • To determine if different types of distraction affect results of the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT).

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-three US military veterans (mean age 38.60 years) completed the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Trail Making Test, and MSVT.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to complete the MSVT under standard, cognitive distraction (serial 2s), or physical distraction (hand in ice water) conditions.

Main Results:

  • All participants passed the TOMM, indicating a valid baseline performance.
  • Physical distraction did not significantly alter MSVT performance.
  • Cognitive distraction led to a significant negative impact on MSVT performance.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive distraction can substantially impair MSVT performance in a subset of individuals.
  • Physical distraction appears to have a negligible effect on MSVT performance.
  • These findings highlight the vulnerability of PVT to cognitive load.