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Complement System in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Pilvi Riihilä1,2, Liisa Nissinen1,2, Jaakko Knuutila1,2
1Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11 TE6, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 24, 2019
Summary
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common metastatic skin cancer. This review explores how the complement system, involved in immunity and inflammation, impacts cSCC progression and may offer new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most frequent metastatic skin cancer, associated with high mortality in advanced stages.
- Chronic inflammation is a known risk factor for cSCC progression.
- The complement system, a key part of innate immunity, is present in the tumor microenvironment and has a dual role in cancer, potentially promoting or inhibiting it.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted role of the complement system in the progression of cSCC.
- To discuss complement components and inhibitors as potential biomarkers for cSCC.
- To explore therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system in cSCC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating the complement system in cSCC.
- Analysis of the dual role of complement activation in anti-tumor immunity and cancer promotion.
- Examination of recent findings on complement components and inhibitors in cSCC regulation.
Main Results:
- The complement system exhibits a "double-edged sword" effect in cancer, contributing to both anti-tumor responses and cancer progression.
- Specific complement components and inhibitors have been recently implicated in regulating cSCC progression.
- Evidence suggests the complement system's involvement in the inflammatory microenvironment of cSCC.
Conclusions:
- The complement system plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of cSCC.
- Complement components and inhibitors represent promising biomarkers for cSCC diagnosis and prognosis.
- Targeting the complement system offers a potential avenue for novel therapeutic interventions in cSCC.
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