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Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case-control study
Fernando Oliveira Costa1, Eugênio José Pereira Lages2, Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages1
1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|July 24, 2019
Summary
Liver cirrhosis significantly increases the risk of developing periodontitis, a common gum disease. Intensive alcohol consumption further elevates this risk, highlighting a critical link between liver health and oral hygiene.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health
- Hepatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory gum disease.
- Liver cirrhosis is a severe consequence of chronic liver disease.
- The relationship between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis.
- To identify risk factors for periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 294 participants (98 with liver cirrhosis, 196 controls).
- Comprehensive periodontal examinations including plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing.
- Statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by alcohol consumption.
Main Results:
- Periodontitis prevalence was higher in the liver cirrhosis group (62.2%) compared to controls (41.8%).
- Individuals with liver cirrhosis had a 2.28-fold increased odds of having periodontitis.
- Factors associated with periodontitis included fewer than 14 teeth, age 45-55, male sex, smoking, and alcohol use.
Conclusions:
- A significant association exists between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis.
- Intensive alcohol use exacerbates the risk of periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis.
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