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Minimal cleft lip. Comparison of associated abnormalities
1First Surgical Clinic, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Summary
Minimal cleft lip (CL(M)) involves clefts not extending past the vermilion. This study found CL(M) patients exhibit nasal deformities and varying dental and alveolar ridge issues, confirming CL(M) as actual clefts.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial anomalies
- Plastic surgery
- Pediatric dentistry
Background:
- Minimal cleft lip (CL(M)) is defined as a cleft not extending beyond the vermilion.
- Understanding CL(M) is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
- Existing literature on CL(M) requires further clinical and radiological investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on minimal forms of cleft lip (CL(M)).
- To clinically and roentgenologically compare findings in CL(M) patients.
- To characterize the spectrum of deformities associated with CL(M).
Main Methods:
- Literature review on minimal cleft lip.
- Clinical examination of 20 CL(M) patients (18 unilateral, 2 bilateral).
- Roentgenological comparison of lip, nose, alveolar ridge, teeth, and palate.
Main Results:
- All patients presented with some degree of nasal deformity.
- Dental deformities were present in 13/15 patients; alveolar ridge deformities in 6/20.
- Associated palate anomalies included bifid uvula (1), submucous cleft palate (2), and soft palate cleft (1).
- Nasal deformity directly correlated with lip deformity severity.
- No correlation found between dento-alveolar deformity severity and nasal or lip deformity.
Conclusions:
- Minimal cleft lip patients exhibit associated nasal and dental deformities.
- CL(M) should be considered actual clefts, not merely normal variations.
- Further research into associated anomalies and long-term outcomes is warranted.