Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung: from thin-walled cavity to solid tumor

Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma accounts for less than 1% of all lung malignancies. It is more aggressive than other forms of non-small cell lung cancer, and usually presented as a solid mass on computed tomography scan. However, a thin-walled lung cavity is more suggestive of a benign lesion in generally. Here we encountered a 39-year-old woman, who had been found a thin-walled cavity in her lung occasionally, whose chest computed tomography initially presented as a thin-walled lung cavity which was considered to be a benign lung cyst, became a solid tumor after 3 years. Then she underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy and lymphadenectomy, postoperative pathological examination demonstrated the diagnosis of pleomorphic carcinoma.