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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
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In vitro dissolution and drug release tests assess how quickly and how much of a drug is released from its dosage form into an aqueous medium under standardized laboratory conditions. These tests are essential tools in pharmaceutical development and quality assurance, offering insight into the drug's performance before clinical use.During formulation development, dissolution testing identifies incomplete or inconsistent drug release issues. It also supports decisions on selecting the optimal...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
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Four-Dimensional Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Soft Robots
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Stimuli-Responsive Drug Release from Smart Polymers.

Carlos M Wells1, Michael Harris2, Landon Choi2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. cwells3@memphis.edu.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|August 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials offer precise therapeutic delivery by releasing drugs in response to specific triggers. This review explores their design, mechanisms, and applications in advanced drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
drug deliverydrug releaseenzyme-responsive materialspH-responsive materialsshape-memory materialsstimuli-responsivenessthermo-responsive materials

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials have gained prominence over the last decade for therapeutic delivery.
  • These smart materials are engineered to release therapeutics in response to specific triggers, aiming to minimize adverse effects.
  • The development focuses on enhancing spatiotemporal specificity of drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials.
  • To discuss their proposed applications in therapeutic delivery.
  • To highlight the design principles and triggering mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials.
  • Analysis of internal and external stimuli-responsive mechanisms.
  • Examination of material design for tailored drug release.

Main Results:

  • Stimuli-responsive biomaterials utilize internal triggers (e.g., pH, enzymes) and external triggers (e.g., light, electromagnetic energy).
  • Some advanced materials respond to multiple stimuli for enhanced control.
  • Material design allows for precise tailoring of drug release profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials represent a significant advancement in controlled therapeutic delivery.
  • Their ability to respond to specific triggers offers improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
  • Ongoing research continues to expand their applications in various medical fields.