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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Understanding the inductance of transmission lines is crucial for efficient design and operation in electrical power systems. This discussion delves into the inductance characteristics of single-phase two-wire and three-phase three-wire transmission lines with equal phase spacing.
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Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
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A first-principles phase field method for quantitatively predicting multi-composition phase separation without

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This study introduces a new, parameter-free phase field model (PFM) for predicting alloy microstructures. The model accurately reproduces experimental results for Ni-Al alloys, offering a reliable tool for designing new materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Predicting alloy microstructures is crucial for designing tailored materials.
  • Traditional phase field models (PFMs) require empirical parameters.
  • First-principles methods struggle with the microstructural length scales relevant to alloys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a parameter-free phase field model (PFM) for microstructure prediction.
  • To enable microstructure prediction without relying on empirical adjustments.
  • To provide a theoretical tool applicable to various alloy systems.

Main Methods:

  • Combined density functional theory, cluster expansion theory, and potential renormalization theory.
  • Derived a composition-dependent free energy function.
  • Constructed a parameter-free PFM for microstructure evolution.

Main Results:

  • Successfully predicted microstructures in high-temperature alloy phase diagrams.
  • Applied the method to Ni-Al alloys at 1027°C, reproducing microstructure evolution solely based on composition.
  • Observed excellent agreement between predicted and experimental microstructures, including cuboidal precipitations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed parameter-free PFM accurately predicts alloy microstructures.
  • This approach eliminates the need for empirical thermodynamic parameters.
  • The method is broadly applicable to diverse alloy systems for materials design.