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A Biomimetic Miniaturized Microphone Array for Sound Direction Finding Applications Based on a Phase-Enhanced

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Summary

This study introduces a compact bio-inspired sensor array for sound direction finding. It uses an electrical coupling network to improve phase differences, enabling smaller sensor spacing and higher signal quality for applications like sonar.

Keywords:
Ormia Ochraceabiomimetic miniaturized microphone arraycoupling networksonarsound direction finding

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics and Bio-inspired Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering and Signal Processing

Background:

  • Traditional sound direction finding often relies on mechanical structures to enhance intensity differences, leading to larger device footprints.
  • The Ormia Ochracea fly's auditory system provides inspiration for novel sound localization mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a miniaturized two-element sensor array for enhanced sound direction finding.
  • To leverage an electrical coupling network for improved phase difference detection and signal-to-noise ratio.
  • To reduce the required sensor separation distance for accurate angle of arrival determination.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a miniaturized two-element sensor array utilizing an electrical coupling network with lumped elements.
  • Replaced conventional mechanical coupling with an electrical circuit to enhance phase differences.
  • Designed, fabricated, and experimentally validated a prototype in an anechoic chamber.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a significant phase enhancement of 110 degrees at a 90-degree incident angle.
  • Demonstrated a normalized power level of -2.16 dB at output ports, with received power 3 dB higher than transformer-type systems.
  • Reduced sensor separation to 0.1 wavelength (3.43 mm) at 10 kHz, enabling miniaturization.
  • Confirmed a wide and tunable operation bandwidth from 8 kHz to 12 kHz.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed bio-inspired electrical coupling network effectively enhances phase differences for sound direction finding.
  • The miniaturized sensor array offers advantages in terms of low power loss, design flexibility, and broad operational bandwidth.
  • This technology holds promise for the development of compact sonar and radar systems.