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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

75.0K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

External Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
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Internal Anatomy of the Kidney01:12

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters01:11

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters

535
The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
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Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine
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Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Published on: April 16, 2021

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Growing a new human kidney.

Adrian S Woolf1

  • 1Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Kidney International
|August 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generating new human kidneys offers insights into organ development and disease modeling. While progress is made in modeling genetic diseases, applications in chronic kidney disease and regenerative medicine are still in early stages.

Keywords:
diseasegenemesonephrosmetanephrosorganoidregenerationstem cell

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Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

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A Simplified Method for Generating Kidney Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Millions worldwide require kidney transplants or dialysis due to end-stage renal disease.
  • Current treatments for kidney failure are limited, leading to premature mortality.
  • Understanding kidney development and disease mechanisms is crucial for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of generating new human kidney tissues.
  • To investigate applications in understanding kidney biology and disease.
  • To assess the feasibility of using engineered kidney tissues for regenerative therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current technologies for human kidney tissue generation.
  • Analysis of progress in modeling congenital and acquired kidney diseases.
  • Evaluation of the potential for regenerative medicine applications.

Main Results:

  • Generating human kidney tissues has partially realized the aim of creating healthy tissues.
  • The technology shows promise for modeling genetic kidney diseases.
  • Early-stage development is noted for modeling non-genetic chronic kidney diseases and regenerative therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Human kidney tissue generation is advancing, particularly for understanding organ development and genetic diseases.
  • Significant challenges remain in applying these technologies to chronic kidney diseases and regenerative medicine.
  • Further research is needed to fully harness the potential of engineered kidney tissues.