[MY GLORIOUS BROTHERS - JEWISH DOCTORS ON THE RESISTANCE FRONT AGAINST NAZIS AND THEIR COLLABORATORS]

Many Jewish doctors in the Holocaust - in ghettos, concentration and extermination camps and in the forests - displayed courage, valor and sacrifice in the resistance front against the Nazis and their allies. The scope of their actions was broad: active resistance in the underground and rebellion movements or in the lines of partisans in the forests; hiding and saving Jews; smuggling medicines; preparing false medical records; secretly conducting surgery and other treatments; refusing the demands to submit lists of patients and workers, thus sentencing them to death; staying by the sick and the needy in the ghettos, even when they could escape, and many more. All this was done out of truth to their conscience, sometimes even beyond their commitment to the doctor's oath, placing themselves in uncertain situations, in distress, hunger, oppression and humiliation, risking their own lives and those of their families. It is admirable how those degrees of courage, bravery, willpower and sacrifice could develop out of such terrible physical and mental distress. The resistance was an extensive wide-ranging occurrence among the Jewish doctors and not one of just a few individuals. This article presents a number of examples of diverse forms of resistance, of individuals as well as of groups of physicians.