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ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND MALNUTRITION RISK IN HEALTHY ELDERLY GEORGIANS
M Malazonia1, G Dvali1, S Tabagari1
1David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Medical News
|August 17, 2019
Summary
This study reveals that energy intake assessment is crucial for identifying malnutrition in healthy elderly Georgians. Standard screening tools may miss cases, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to nutritional status evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- The nutritional status of the elderly is critical for maintaining health and preventing disease.
- Limited research exists on the nutritional status of healthy elderly populations in Georgia.
- Malnutrition in older adults can lead to adverse health outcomes, including increased morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the nutritional status and malnutrition risks in healthy Georgian elderly individuals.
- To adapt and apply modern assessment methods suitable for the Georgian population.
- To identify the most reliable indicators for detecting malnutrition in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Utilized standard and alternative anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis (SF-BIA), and validated equations for fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW).
- Conducted clinical, laboratory, and adapted dietary assessments, including calculating estimated energy requirement (EER).
- Grouped participants based on the ratio of energy intake to EER and employed statistical tests (T-tests, ANOVA) for comparisons.
Main Results:
- While some participants showed low levels of albumin and total lymphocyte count (TLC), indicators like BMI and FFMI did not identify malnutrition.
- Malnutrition screening tools (MNA-SF) and certain anthropometric measures were insufficient in reflecting the true nutritional condition.
- Differences between energy intake subgroups were mainly observed in nutrient and energy consumption, not in general malnutrition indicators.
Conclusions:
- Standard malnutrition screening tools and anthropometric measures may underestimate malnutrition in healthy elderly Georgians.
- Assessing energy intake relative to estimated energy requirement is the most effective criterion for identifying malnutrition in this population.
- A comprehensive approach, including energy intake assessment, is vital for accurate malnutrition diagnosis in healthy older adults.
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