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Memory-guided microsaccades.

Konstantin F Willeke1,2,3, Xiaoguang Tian1,2,3, Antimo Buonocore1,2

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Summary
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Microsaccades, small, rapid eye movements, can be voluntarily controlled. This study provides evidence that humans and monkeys can intentionally trigger microsaccades for visual tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Microsaccades are typically considered involuntary, rapid eye movements.
  • Existing literature largely overlooks the potential for voluntary control over microsaccades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether individual microsaccades can be voluntarily controlled.
  • To explore the behavioral and neural underpinnings of voluntary microsaccade generation.

Main Methods:

  • Human subjects and monkeys were instructed to generate microsaccades on demand.
  • Neural activity in the superior colliculus was recorded in monkeys during memory-guided and visually-guided movements.
  • Behavioral accuracy and timing of instructed microsaccades were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Both human subjects and monkeys demonstrated the ability to trigger microsaccades voluntarily, on demand, without visual guidance.
  • Voluntarily generated microsaccades were spatially and temporally accurate.
  • Superior colliculus neurons showed movement-related activity specific to memory-guided microsaccades.

Conclusions:

  • Individual microsaccades can be voluntarily controlled, challenging the prevailing view of them as purely involuntary.
  • Voluntary microsaccade control has implications for visual performance, attention, and eye movement optimization.
  • Findings support a more nuanced understanding of microsaccade function in visual processing and behavior.