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Curing of Concrete01:20

Curing of Concrete

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The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...
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Curing Methods01:26

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Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
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Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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The shape of a suspension bridge cable hanging under its own weight is described by a catenary curve, which is modeled using the hyperbolic cosine function. This mathematical model accurately captures the balance between gravity and tension acting along the cable. When a particular vertical position on the cable is known, the corresponding horizontal position can be determined using the inverse hyperbolic cosine function, allowing for a detailed analysis of the cable's geometry.Inverse...
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A ship tracking an approaching aircraft relies on geometric measurements to find out the aircraft’s position relative to the observer. By measuring the slant distance to the aircraft and the angle of elevation, the horizontal and vertical components of the distance can be obtained using trigonometric relationships. This geometric approach provides a basis for analyzing how the observed angle changes as the aircraft moves closer to the ship.To examine the mathematical behavior of the angle...
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The inverse z-transform is a crucial technique for converting a function from its z-domain representation back to the time domain. One effective method for finding the inverse z-transform is the Partial Fraction Method, which involves decomposing a function into simpler fractions with distinct coefficients. These fractions correspond to known z-transform pairs, facilitating the inverse transformation process.
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A ternary system for delayed curing inverse vulcanisation.

Bowen Zhang1, Samuel Petcher1, Tom Hasell1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK. t.hasell@liverpool.ac.uk.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|August 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delayed curing via a ternary co-polymer system prevents phase separation in sulfur-based polymers. This innovation ensures pre-polymers remain stable and homogeneous for on-demand setting, enhancing practical production capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Inverse vulcanisation reactions create crosslinked polymers.
  • Insufficient reaction leads to phase separation of sulfur and organic crosslinkers, compromising material integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable, homogeneous pre-polymer system for inverse vulcanisation.
  • To enable delayed curing for enhanced control over polymer formation.
  • To improve the practical production of sulfur-based polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilisation of a ternary co-polymer system.
  • Implementation of delayed curing strategies.
  • Analysis of pre-polymer stability and homogeneity.

Main Results:

  • The ternary co-polymer system successfully prevented phase separation.
  • Pre-polymers remained stable and homogeneous until triggered for curing.
  • Delayed curing facilitated on-demand polymer setting.

Conclusions:

  • Ternary co-polymer systems offer a viable route to delayed curing in inverse vulcanisation.
  • This approach significantly enhances the processability and utility of sulfur-based polymers.
  • The findings open new avenues for the practical, on-demand production of advanced polymer materials.