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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
Published on: September 29, 2018
Preparation of the Neck for Advanced Flap Reconstruction
Jonathan W Shum1, James C Melville1, Marcus Couey2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6560 Fannin Street, Suite 1900, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract:
Microvascular free tissue transfer has revolutionized the reconstruction of complex maxillofacial defects. These cases often necessitate a 2-teamed approach, with an ablative surgeon at the head and a reconstructive surgeon at a distant site for flap harvest. Careful attention to recipient vessel identification and preservation establishes the foundation for successful reconstruction. This article describes the surgical landmarks of the frequently utilized arteries and veins, vessel handling techniques, and general principles for the preparation of free tissue transfer recipient sites in head and neck reconstruction.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

