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The total of all possible kinds of energy present in a substance is called the internal energy (U), sometimes symbolized as E. Suppose a system with initial internal energy, Uinitial, undergoes a change in energy (transfer of work or heat), and the final internal energy of the system is Ufinal. Change in internal energy equals the difference between Ufinal and Uinitial.
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Shared Decision-Making Training in Internal Medicine: A Multisite Intervention Study.

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    This study demonstrates that a shared decision-making (SDM) training program effectively improved internal medicine residents' skills and confidence. The training successfully promoted the application of SDM in clinical practice, enhancing patient care.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Education
    • Patient-Centered Care
    • Clinical Decision-Making

    Background:

    • Shared decision-making (SDM) enhances patient satisfaction and care quality while reducing resource use.
    • Training internal medicine residents in SDM remains understudied.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a training program for internal medicine residents focused on shared decision-making (SDM).

    Main Methods:

    • A 2-hour workshop and pocket card intervention were implemented for senior internal medicine residents.
    • SDM performance was assessed using standardized patient encounters, a rating scale, self-report questionnaires, and patient feedback.

    Main Results:

    • The training program led to a significant improvement in SDM scores (65 to 71, P=.011).
    • Residents reported increased comfort with SDM knowledge, skills, and practice (P<.001).
    • SDM application in practice increased (P=.001), and standardized patients reported greater comfort with care discussions (P=.031).

    Conclusions:

    • The SDM training program successfully enhanced residents' competencies and increased SDM utilization in clinical practice.
    • This training approach shows potential for teaching SDM to residents across disciplines and to medical students.