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Differentiating Types of Self-Reported Alcohol Abstinence.
Kirsha S Gordon1,2, Kathleen McGinnis3, Cecilia Dao4
1VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 11ACSL-G, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA. kirsha.gordon2@va.gov.
AIDS and Behavior
|August 23, 2019
Summary
Understanding alcohol abstinence is key for people living with HIV (PLWH). Differentiating types of abstinence, like quitting due to alcohol problems (Q-AP) versus other reasons (Q-OR), improves health insights.
Area of Science:
- Addiction research
- Public health
- Clinical science
Background:
- Alcohol use and abstinence patterns vary significantly among individuals.
- Understanding these patterns is crucial for managing health outcomes, especially in populations like people living with HIV (PLWH).
- Previous research has not fully differentiated types of abstinence, potentially limiting insights into alcohol's health effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To contrast characteristics of people living with HIV (PLWH) and uninfected individuals across three abstinence types: quit after alcohol-associated problems (Q-AP), quit for other reasons (Q-OR), and lifetime abstainer (LTA).
- To identify factors differentiating abstinence types.
- To determine if differentiating abstinence improves associations with alcohol biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms.
Main Methods:
- Categorization of participants into Q-AP, Q-OR, and LTA groups.
- Summarization of characteristics based on alcohol use levels and abstinence types for PLWH and matched uninfected controls.
- Logistic regression modeling to identify differentiating factors and assess associations with biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms.
Main Results:
- Among abstainers, Q-AP constituted 34% of PLWH and 38% of uninfected individuals; Q-OR was 53% in both groups; and LTA was 12% (PLWH) and 10% (uninfected).
- Smoking, alcohol, cocaine, and hepatitis C increased odds of Q-AP.
- Smoking and marijuana decreased odds of LTA.
- Differentiating abstinence types enhanced the association with biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms, particularly for Q-APs and LTAs.
Conclusions:
- Differentiating types of alcohol abstinence provides a more nuanced understanding of individual characteristics and health risks.
- Factors such as smoking, other substance use, and viral infections are associated with specific abstinence patterns.
- The distinction between Q-AP and LTA is particularly discernible via alcohol biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms, suggesting potential for improved clinical assessment and intervention strategies.
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