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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
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Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
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Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
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The process of drug absorption signifies the transition of a drug from its site of administration into the plasma. This process is influenced by various factors, including the route of administration, the anatomy of the absorption site, the mechanism of absorption, gut motility, and the drug's physicochemical properties.
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Drug distribution within the body is a dynamic process involving the movement of a drug in two directions across various compartments: from the bloodstream into tissues (tissue uptake) and from tissues back into the bloodstream (tissue release or redistribution). This process is passive and primarily driven by two variables: the concentration gradient between the bloodstream and the extravascular tissues and the drug's ability to cross the cell membrane.
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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
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An Overview of Drug Delivery Systems.

Kewal K Jain1

  • 1Jain PharmaBiotech, Basel, Switzerland. jain@pharmabiotech.ch.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This overview covers drug delivery systems (DDSs), including formulations, devices, and targeted delivery. Advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology are refining DDSs for personalized medicine and challenging therapies.

Keywords:
Cell therapyControlled releaseDrug delivery devicesDrug delivery systemsDrug formulationsGene therapyNanoparticlesPersonalized medicineProtein/peptide deliveryRoutes of drug administrationTargeted drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The landscape of therapeutics is rapidly evolving with an increase in complex biomolecules like proteins and peptides.
  • Delivery of these novel therapeutics, including cell and gene therapies, presents significant challenges.
  • Existing drug delivery systems (DDSs) require refinement to meet the demands of modern medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current drug delivery systems (DDSs).
  • To discuss advancements in formulations, devices, and targeted drug delivery strategies.
  • To explore the role of nanotechnology and future directions in DDS development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of various drug administration routes.
  • Description of diverse drug formulations and delivery devices.
  • Analysis of targeted drug delivery approaches, including nanoparticle applications.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles are crucial for enhancing drug delivery, acting as both carriers and diagnostics.
  • Significant progress in targeted drug delivery has been achieved, particularly in cancer therapy.
  • Overcoming barriers like the blood-brain barrier remains a key challenge in DDS development.

Conclusions:

  • Refined DDSs are essential for advancing personalized medicine.
  • Nanotechnology offers promising solutions for drug delivery and diagnostics.
  • Future DDS development must address challenges in delivery, commercialization, and therapeutic efficacy.