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Elimination of imaging artifacts in second harmonic generation microscopy using interferometry.

Maxime Pinsard1, Margaux Schmeltz2, Jarno van der Kolk3

  • 1Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications (INRS-EMT); 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes (QC), J3X 1S2, Canada.

Biomedical Optics Express
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interferometric second harmonic generation (I-SHG) microscopy effectively removes artifacts in imaging complex structures. This advanced technique enhances contrast and visibility in biological samples, improving image clarity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Microscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Conventional second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy can produce artefactual patterns due to interference in complex samples.
  • Interfaces between regions of opposite polarity, such as in muscle tissue, are prone to imaging artifacts in standard SHG.
  • These artifacts can obscure the desired coherent signal, hindering accurate structural analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and demonstrate the efficacy of interferometric second harmonic generation (I-SHG) microscopy for artifact removal.
  • To improve the imaging of interfaces and complex biological structures by suppressing unwanted signals.
  • To enhance the contrast and visibility of specific features in biological and material samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing interferometric second harmonic generation (I-SHG) microscopy.
  • Studying interfaces in periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) as a model system.
  • Applying I-SHG to image muscle tissue to resolve expected double-band patterns.

Main Results:

  • I-SHG microscopy completely removed artefactual incoherent signals from PPLN interfaces without spatial filtering.
  • The technique successfully resolved the double-band pattern in muscle, overcoming single-band artifacts seen with standard SHG.
  • I-SHG increased the visibility of interfaces between antiparallel domains by up to fivefold in both PPLN and muscle.

Conclusions:

  • I-SHG microscopy is a powerful tool for artifact suppression in SHG imaging.
  • The technique significantly enhances contrast and visibility of biological samples, particularly at domain interfaces.
  • I-SHG offers a superior method for imaging complex structures where conventional SHG fails due to artifacts.