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Related Concept Videos

The Sulfur Cycle01:22

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Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
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Oxide materials show many exotic properties that can be controlled by tuning the oxygen content. Here, we demonstrate the tuning of oxygen content in oxides by varying the pulsed laser deposition parameters and by performing postannealing. As an example, electronic properties of SrTiO3-based heterostructures are tuned by growth modifications and...
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Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
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A bifunctional electrode engineered by sulfur vacancies for efficient electrocatalysis.

Fan Wang1, Kai Li1, Jingjing Li1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. kai.liu@ciac.ac.cn.

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Researchers developed defect-rich carbon nanohybrids using MOF precursors for enhanced electrocatalysis. These non-noble catalysts show remarkable long-term stability and efficiency for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Defect engineering enhances electrocatalytic active sites but can lead to aggregation and performance loss over time.
  • Developing stable, non-noble electrocatalysts with persistent active sites is crucial for long-term applications.
  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer versatile precursors for advanced material synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create defect-rich carbon nanohybrids for superior and stable electrocatalytic activity.
  • To investigate the role of defect sites and their dynamic behavior in maintaining catalytic performance.
  • To develop a new strategy for fabricating non-noble catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of defect-rich carbon nanotubes via nitrogen doping and hybridization of multi-metal chalcogenides.
  • Utilizing metal-organic framework (MOF) precursors for controlled nanohybrid synthesis.
  • Electrocatalytic performance testing in alkaline environments for OER and HER, including long-term cycling stability.

Main Results:

  • The porous carbon nanohybrids demonstrated excellent electrocatalytic performance for OER with a low overpotential of 116 mV.
  • Significant decrease in HER overpotential to 137 mV after 6000 cycles, indicating remarkable stability.
  • Theoretical calculations revealed dynamic hydrogen atom occupation of sulfur vacancies, preventing active site aggregation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed defect-rich carbon nanohybrids offer an efficient strategy for enhancing HER and OER activities.
  • Dynamic occupation of sulfur vacancies by hydrogen atoms is key to maintaining active sites and long-term catalyst stability.
  • This approach provides a promising route for designing advanced non-noble electrocatalysts.