[Immunotherapy in urology: Concept and results]

Area of Science:

• Uro-oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Cancer research

Background:

• Immunotherapy has emerged as a significant treatment modality in urological cancers.
• Understanding its role and efficacy is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated overview of immunotherapy in uro-oncology.
• To synthesize current data on treatment efficacy and ongoing research.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies.
• Analysis of data presented at national and international conferences.

Main Results:

• Immunotherapies restore anti-tumor immunity by blocking negative feedback checkpoints.
• Significant survival benefits observed in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and bladder carcinoma, particularly in first- and second-line settings.
• Ongoing trials in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings; limited data in prostate cancer suggests benefit for a subset of patients.

Conclusions:

• Immunotherapy is a cornerstone treatment for kidney and bladder cancers.
• Predictive marker identification is essential for optimizing patient selection and treatment response.