Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision02:43

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

37.5K
The ideal-gas equation, which is empirical, describes the behavior of gases by establishing relationships between their macroscopic properties. For example, Charles’ law states that volume and temperature are directly related. Gases, therefore, expand when heated at constant pressure. Although gas laws explain how the macroscopic properties change relative to one another, it does not explain the rationale behind it.
37.5K
Enhancing Density Maps by Removing the Majority of Particles in Single Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy Final Stacks06:41

Enhancing Density Maps by Removing the Majority of Particles in Single Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy Final Stacks

2.6K
An advanced particle selection method for cryo-EM, namely CryoSieve, improves density map resolution by removing a majority of particles in final stacks, as demonstrated through its application on a real-world...
2.6K
Scientific Laws and Theories02:31

Scientific Laws and Theories

87.1K
Scientific Laws
87.1K
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

7.9K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
7.9K
First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium01:18

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

14.0K
Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about...
14.0K
The Atomic Theory of Matter02:59

The Atomic Theory of Matter

126.8K
The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
126.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Magnetically Driven Elastic Microswimmers: Exploiting Hysteretic Collapse for Autonomous Propulsion and Independent Control.

ACS nanoscience Au·2026
Same author

Transport properties of active particles moving on adjustable networks.

Soft matter·2026
Same author

Diffusion through complex confining environments: Motion in fluctuating porous membrane structures.

Biophysical journal·2026
Same author

Flocking as a continuous phase transition in self-aligning active crystals.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Active Particles in Tunable Compressible Environments.

Small science·2026
Same author

Dynamical Density Functional Theory for Dense Odd-Diffusive Fluids.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Cryo-EM Analysis with CryoSieve for Enhanced Particle Selection Efficiency
06:41

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Cryo-EM Analysis with CryoSieve for Enhanced Particle Selection Efficiency

Published on: May 10, 2024

2.6K

Classical density functional theory for a two-dimensional isotropic ferrogel model with labeled particles.

Segun Goh1, René Wittmann1, Andreas M Menzel1

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Physical Review. E
|September 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new density functional theory (DFT) for ferrogels, modeling magnetic particles in polymer matrices. The approach reveals distinct mechanical responses, hardening at low concentrations and softening at high concentrations, as magnetic interactions change.

More Related Videos

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision
02:43

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

37.5K
Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow
13:02

Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow

Published on: February 27, 2016

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Cryo-EM Analysis with CryoSieve for Enhanced Particle Selection Efficiency
06:41

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Cryo-EM Analysis with CryoSieve for Enhanced Particle Selection Efficiency

Published on: May 10, 2024

2.6K
Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision
02:43

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

37.5K
Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow
13:02

Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow

Published on: February 27, 2016

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) typically models systems with unlabeled particles.
  • Ferrogels contain magnetic particles in polymer matrices, where particles are positionally labeled.
  • Existing DFT models are insufficient for the labeled particle nature of ferrogels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a DFT for labeled particles applicable to ferrogels.
  • To model the mechanical properties of ferrogels, including magnetostriction.
  • To investigate the influence of magnetic interactions on elastic constants.

Main Methods:

  • Formulated a DFT for labeled particles using a 2D bead-spring lattice model.
  • Introduced a mapping of spring interactions to pairwise additive pseudospring interactions.
  • Employed the pseudospring potential to analyze magnetostriction and elastic constants.
  • Verified the DFT approach using Monte Carlo simulations with real and pseudosprings.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct mechanical response scenarios in dipole-spring systems.
  • Observed hardening in low packing fraction systems with increasing magnetic moments.
  • Found softening in high packing fraction systems due to steric force diminishment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DFT successfully models labeled particles in ferrogels.
  • The theory accurately predicts magnetostriction and elastic property changes.
  • This DFT approach enhances understanding of materials with magnetic particle inclusions.