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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

The Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Electromagnetic energy in multilayered spherical particles.

Ilia L Rasskazov, Alexander Moroz, P Scott Carney

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |September 11, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers derived exact formulas for electromagnetic energy in multilayered spheres. This work provides insights into energy distribution and storage, with applications in optical metamaterials.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electromagnetism
    • Materials Science
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Understanding electromagnetic energy distribution in complex structures is crucial for designing advanced optical devices.
    • Multilayered spheres, particularly metallo-dielectric ones, exhibit unique optical properties relevant to plasmonics and metamaterials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive exact analytic expressions for electromagnetic energy density and total stored energy in multilayered spheres.
    • To provide explicit formulas for lossless core and shell cases.
    • To demonstrate the application of the method to electric field enhancement in silica-gold spheres.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a compact recursive transfer-matrix method for general multilayered spheres.
    • Inclusion of magnetic media in the theoretical framework.
    • Validation through examples of electric field enhancement in specific metallo-dielectric structures.

    Main Results:

    • Exact analytic expressions for electromagnetic energy radial density (inside and outside).
    • Exact analytic expressions for total electromagnetic energy stored in cores and shells.
    • Demonstration of electric field enhancement in silica-gold multilayered spheres.

    Conclusions:

    • The transfer-matrix method provides a robust framework for calculating electromagnetic energy in multilayered spherical systems.
    • The derived expressions are applicable to both dielectric and magnetic materials.
    • The study offers a valuable theoretical and computational tool for research in nanophotonics and metamaterials.