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Social Media Elements, Ecologies, and Effects.

Joseph B Bayer1, Penny Triệu2, Nicole B Ellison2

  • 1School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;

Annual Review of Psychology
|September 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This review examines social media's impact on social psychology, detailing how platform features complicate established effects like self-presentation and social comparison. Understanding these online dynamics is crucial for future psychological research.

Keywords:
computer-mediated communicationmessagesnetworksprofilessocial network sitessocial psychologystreams

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Media Studies
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Social media platforms have become central to daily life, influencing social psychological phenomena.
  • Established social psychological effects are complicated by the unique features and affordances of online environments.
  • Understanding the interplay between social media and psychological effects is increasingly important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate core components of the social media ecosystem.
  • To specify how online platforms alter established social psychological effects.
  • To provide a foundation for replicating social media effects in psychological research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on social media elements and their psychological effects.
  • Analysis of four key pairs: profiles/self-presentation, networks/social mobilization, streams/social comparison, messages/social connectedness.
  • Description of platform features and affordances influencing these interactions.

Main Results:

  • Social media elements (profiles, networks, streams, messages) interact with psychological effects in complex ways.
  • Platform-specific features complicate the replication of established social psychological findings.
  • Challenges exist in isolating consistent effects across diverse and dynamic online environments.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological research must adapt to the complexities of the social media ecosystem.
  • Centering on core online elements can help establish a more durable foundation for research.
  • This work aids in chronicling the evolution of social interaction in digital contexts.