Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (type II): a Brazilian case report.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Hematology

Background:

• Enteropathy-associated T-cell Lymphoma (EATL) is a rare, aggressive T-cell lymphoma.
• EATL is classified into two types: Type I (associated with celiac disease) and Type II (more common in Asia).
• EATL typically affects older males with a poor prognosis.

Observation:

• A 78-year-old male presented with diarrhea, weight loss, edema, abdominal distension, and a palpable mass.
• Investigations revealed hypoalbuminemia and pneumoperitoneum, leading to exploratory laparotomy.
• The patient was diagnosed with advanced stage EATL type II.

Findings:

• The patient experienced multiple complications during chemotherapy, including cardiotoxicity and sepsis.
• Despite treatment, the patient's condition worsened, and he died 6 months post-diagnosis.
• This represents the first reported case of EATL type II in Brazil.

Implications:

• This case underscores the aggressive nature and poor outcomes associated with EATL type II.
• Highlights the importance of considering EATL in differential diagnoses of unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Contributes to the understanding of EATL epidemiology and clinical presentation in diverse geographic regions.