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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Interior circular RNA.

Xiaoxin Liu1,2, Zhangfeng Hu1, Junfei Zhou1

  • 1Institute for Systems Biology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

RNA Biology
|September 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces interior circRNAs (i-circRNAs), which originate from diverse genomic regions, unlike previously known spliceosome-dependent circular RNAs. These novel i-circRNAs reveal new biogenesis pathways independent of the splicing apparatus.

Keywords:
PCRRNARNA sequencingSanger sequencingchimeric RNAcircular RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs formed by back splicing.
  • Current understanding suggests circRNAs arise from intron-exon junctions via spliceosome-dependent pathways.
  • The diversity and biogenesis of circRNAs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel types of circRNAs originating from interior genomic regions.
  • To investigate the biogenesis pathways of these newly identified circRNAs.
  • To expand the understanding of circRNA diversity and complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a novel *de novo* identification method for circRNAs.
  • Analysis of circRNA origins in human, mouse, and rice genomes.
  • Validation of identified circRNAs using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Sanger sequencing in HeLa cells.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of interior circRNAs (i-circRNAs) originating from exon, intron, and intergenic regions.
  • Identification of novel back fusion motifs (AC/CT) and characteristics, independent of canonical splicing sites.
  • Validation of i-circRNAs as *bona fide* circRNAs, demonstrating novel biogenesis pathways.

Conclusions:

  • i-circRNAs represent a new class of circRNAs with unique origins and biogenesis mechanisms.
  • These findings indicate spliceosome-independent pathways for circRNA formation.
  • The study expands the known landscape of circRNA diversity and complexity in eukaryotes.