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Six-member stimulus classes generated by conditional-discrimination procedures.

M Sidman, B Kirk, M Willson-Morris

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study demonstrates how conditional discrimination training can establish complex stimulus classes in children and adults. Combining these classes led to emergent untrained relations, showing advanced learning capabilities.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Cognitive Science
    • Learning Sciences

    Background:

    • Conditional discrimination involves learning to make choices based on specific sample stimuli.
    • Stimulus equivalence research explores emergent relations between stimuli following training.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the formation of multiple stimulus classes through conditional discrimination.
    • To examine the combination of these classes into larger structures.
    • To assess the emergence of untrained conditional relations.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects learned conditional discriminations involving multiple sets of stimuli (A, B, C and D, E, F).
    • Two groups of three 3-member stimulus classes were established.
    • These classes were then combined into 6-member classes by teaching additional conditional relations.

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    Main Results:

    • Two distinct groups of three 3-member stimulus classes were successfully formed.
    • Combining these classes into 6-member classes was achieved in a majority of subjects.
    • A significant number of untrained conditional relations (60) emerged from the explicitly taught ones (15).
    • Some subjects demonstrated consistent naming of stimuli according to class membership, while others formed classes without consistent naming.

    Conclusions:

    • Conditional discrimination procedures are effective in establishing complex stimulus classes.
    • Class formation leads to the emergence of numerous untrained conditional relations, indicating higher-order learning.
    • The findings contribute to understanding the cognitive processes underlying learning and generalization.