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Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Depression.
Alper Evrensel1, Barış Önen Ünsalver2, Mehmet Emin Ceylan3
1Department of Psychiatry, Uskudar University, NP Brain Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Psychiatry Investigation
|October 7, 2019
Summary
Major depressive disorder may stem from chronic neuroinflammation, influenced by the gut-brain axis and psychological stress. Understanding these links is crucial for advancing depression research and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Current psychiatric diagnostic systems lack neurobiological characterization.
- Immune system dysfunction and neuroinflammation are increasingly linked to psychiatric disorders.
- Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains prevalent with significant unmet needs in understanding its biology, pathophysiology, and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of neuroinflammation in the etiopathogenesis of depression.
- To discuss the mechanisms of the gut-brain axis contributing to depression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current studies on neuroinflammation, gut-brain axis, and depression.
Main Results:
- Low-grade chronic neuroinflammation appears central to the interplay between psychological stress, gut microbiota, and MDD.
- Advances in immunology and genetics highlight the connection between immune processes and brain function in psychiatric disorders.
Conclusions:
- Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the development of depression.
- The gut-brain axis plays a significant role in the neuroinflammatory pathways implicated in major depressive disorder.
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