Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

207
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
207
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

880
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
880
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

1.2K
Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
1.2K
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

1.1K
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
1.1K
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

1.2K
Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
1.2K
Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

1.4K
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Major Depression: Doxa or Episteme?

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2024
Same author

Microbiome-Induced Autoimmunity and Novel Therapeutic Intervention.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2023
Same author

A case of myocarditis and isolated hypopotassemia after Biontech-Pfizer vaccine for Covid-19.

Vaccine·2022
Same author

The Changeable Positioning of the Couch and Repositioning to Face-to-Face Arrangement in Psychoanalysis to Facilitate the Experience of Being Seen.

Frontiers in psychology·2021
Same author

Prolonged sertraline use related carcinoembryonic antigen increase.

Indian journal of pharmacology·2021
Same author

Vaccination and Immunotherapy for Major Depression.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

22.3K

Understanding the Connection Between the Gut-Brain Axis and Major Depression: A Theoretical Perspective.

Bengisu Evrensel1, Alper Evrensel2

  • 1Department of Psychology, ALLSH, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Neuroinflammation, linked to gut microbiota disorder (dysbiosis), may cause neuropsychiatric issues like depression. This article explores dysbiosis causes, civilization

Keywords:
DepressionDysbiosisGut-brain axisNeuroinflammationSuperorganismTheory

More Related Videos

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice
05:28

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: May 15, 2019

21.9K
Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model CDM
05:47

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model CDM

Published on: September 23, 2021

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

22.3K
A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice
05:28

A Chronic Immobilization Stress Protocol for Inducing Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: May 15, 2019

21.9K
Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model CDM
05:47

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model CDM

Published on: September 23, 2021

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Neuroinflammation theory proposes low-grade systemic inflammation negatively impacts neuronal function and contributes to neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Intestinal microbiota disorder (dysbiosis) is implicated as a potential source of this systemic inflammation.
  • The gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in mediating the communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of dysbiosis and the impact of civilization on the gut microbiota.
  • To explore the relationship between gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation, and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly depression.
  • To project future implications of postmodern living conditions on human microbiota and health.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on neuroinflammation, gut microbiota, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Conceptual analogy between neuroinflammation and a black hole to clarify complex interactions.
  • Speculative analysis of future trends based on current understanding of civilization's effects on microbiota.

Main Results:

  • While the link between depression and gut dysbiosis is researched, definitive causality remains undetermined.
  • Civilization significantly impacts gut microbiota composition and diversity.
  • The neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis concepts provide a framework for understanding the interplay between gut health and brain function.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the origins and consequences of dysbiosis is critical for addressing the rising prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Further research is needed to establish causal links and develop targeted interventions.
  • Future human health may be significantly influenced by our relationship with our gut microbiome in the context of modern living.