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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.

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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Real-Time Fluorescent Measurement of Synaptic Functions in Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

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Published on: July 16, 2021

Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Calcium and Voltage Indicators.

Irene Mollinedo-Gajate¹, Chenchen Song¹, Thomas Knöpfel²

¹Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

|October 10, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genetically encoded fluorescent probes overcome limitations of small molecule indicators for biological experiments. These advanced tools, particularly for calcium and voltage sensing, are revolutionizing neuroscience research.

Keywords:

GECI application GEVI application Genetically encoded calcium indicators Genetically encoded voltage indicators

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Area of Science:

Life Sciences
Neuroscience
Biotechnology

Background:

Small molecule-based fluorescent probes are essential tools in life science research.
These probes have limitations in certain biological applications.
Genetically encoded indicators offer a promising alternative to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the advancements in genetically encoded fluorescent indicators.
To highlight the applications of fluorescent calcium and voltage indicators.
To emphasize their significance in neuroscience research.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on genetically encoded fluorescent probes.
Focus on fluorescent calcium indicators.
Focus on fluorescent voltage indicators.

Main Results:

Genetically encoded indicators have surpassed the limitations of small molecule probes.
Fluorescent calcium indicators enable precise monitoring of intracellular calcium dynamics.
Fluorescent voltage indicators provide high-resolution imaging of neuronal activity.

Conclusions:

Genetically encoded fluorescent probes represent a significant breakthrough in biological sensing.
These indicators are particularly impactful in advancing neuroscience.
Future research will likely see wider adoption and development of these powerful tools.