Serum Albumin Level and In-Hospital Outcome of Patients with First Attack Acute Myocardial Infarction

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

• Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of hospital admissions.
• Serum albumin levels may indicate cardiovascular disease risk and patient prognosis.
• Effective risk stratification is crucial for managing AMI patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the association between serum albumin levels upon admission and in-hospital adverse outcomes in patients experiencing their first acute myocardial infarction.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional analytical study involving 374 first-time AMI patients.
• Patients were categorized into two groups based on serum albumin levels: <3.5 gm/dL (Group I) and ≥3.5 gm/dL (Group II).
• Serum albumin was measured within 24 hours of admission, and major in-hospital cardiac outcomes were recorded.

Main Results:

• Group I patients (albumin <3.5 gm/dL) exhibited significantly higher rates of heart failure (59.80%), cardiogenic shock (8.00%), arrhythmias (11.50%), and mortality (9.20%) compared to Group II.
• The mean hospital stay was longer in Group I (5.76 days) than in Group II (4.40 days), with statistical significance (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

• Serum albumin levels below 3.50 gm/dL in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction are associated with an increased risk of adverse in-hospital outcomes.
• Lower serum albumin may serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting poor prognosis in AMI patients.