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Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats
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Diabetes and the Vestibular System.

Erin G Piker1, Daniel J Romero1

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia.

Seminars in Hearing
|October 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes increases fall risk in older adults due to sensory system complications, particularly affecting the vestibular system. Early screening for vestibular loss and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is recommended.

Keywords:
benign paroxysmal positional vertigodiabetes mellitusrisk of fallsvestibular

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Falls are a major health concern for older adults, leading to injury and increased healthcare costs.
  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for falls, impacting vision, proprioception, and vestibular function.
  • The vestibular system's role in diabetes-related falls is less understood than other sensory systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between diabetes mellitus and vestibular dysfunction.
  • To identify specific vestibular structures affected by diabetes.
  • To recommend clinical strategies for managing fall risk in diabetic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiologic evidence and large population-based studies.
  • Analysis of clinical data on vestibular loss and specific vestibular disorders in diabetic populations.
  • Assessment of the prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in patients with diabetes.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes mellitus adversely affects the vestibular system, contributing to increased fall risk.
  • Diabetic patients show a higher likelihood of vestibular loss.
  • A high prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is observed in diabetic individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus impacts the vestibular system, increasing the risk of falls.
  • Screening for vestibular loss and BPPV is crucial for diabetic patients.
  • Recommendations include balance screening, BPPV evaluation, fall risk counseling, and home modification advice.