[Current Therapies in Superficial Malignant Tumors]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oncology

Background:

• Epibulbar malignant tumors represent a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in ophthalmology.
• Common types include basal cell carcinoma, conjunctival lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and conjunctival melanoma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for common epibulbar malignant tumors.
• To emphasize the importance of detailed patient history, examination, and follow-up.

Main Methods:

• Review of diagnostic modalities including patient history, slit lamp examination, and photo documentation.
• Discussion of therapeutic options such as surgical excision, radiotherapy (percutaneous, brachytherapy, proton), and topical chemotherapy (mitomycin C).

Main Results:

• Basal cell carcinoma requires complete excision with adequate margins.
• Conjunctival lymphoma is typically treated with percutaneous irradiation.
• Squamous cell carcinoma may necessitate adjuvant therapies like mitomycin C, brachytherapy, or proton radiotherapy.
• Conjunctival melanoma, a rare but aggressive tumor, is managed with non-touch excision and adjuvant irradiation; melanosis with atypia requires mitomycin C treatment.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of epibulbar malignant tumors relies on accurate diagnosis and multimodal therapeutic approaches.
• Regular post-treatment surveillance is essential due to the high risk of tumor recurrence.