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[The Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Plastic Surgery - A Systematic Review of Screening Methods].

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Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) screening is crucial for plastic surgery patients, as surgery often worsens symptoms. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire Dermatology Version (BDDQ-DV) and Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) are currently the most suitable screening tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a somatoform disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
  • Individuals with BDD often do not benefit from plastic surgery, with procedures potentially exacerbating symptoms.
  • Accurate identification of BDD is critical for determining patient suitability for aesthetic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and summarize the current literature on screening instruments for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD).
  • To identify validated screening tools for BDD applicable in the context of plastic and aesthetic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic electronic literature search was conducted in German and English.
  • The search aimed to identify all available screening instruments for BDD.
  • Six distinct screening instruments for BDD were identified.

Main Results:

  • Only two screening instruments, the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire Dermatology Version (BDDQ-DV) and the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ), have been evaluated in a cosmetic surgery setting.
  • The Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) was the only tool assessed for its influence on subjective outcomes post-plastic-aesthetic procedures.
  • A significant gap exists between the high prevalence of BDD (2.4%) and the limited availability of validated screening tools for plastic surgery.

Conclusions:

  • The BDDQ-DV and DCQ are currently the most appropriate screening tools for BDD in plastic surgery patients.
  • Further research is necessary to develop improved screening methods for BDD within the plastic surgical population.
  • Investigating the impact of BDD on treatment outcomes in plastic surgery is essential.