Vascularized and Innervated Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials Science
• Skeletal Muscle Biology

Background:

• Volumetric muscle loss (VML) results in significant functional deficits due to the overwhelming of natural muscle regeneration.
• Current treatments for VML are inadequate for fully restoring lost muscle tissue and function.
• Tissue engineering with 3D constructs is a promising therapeutic strategy for VML.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current advancements in skeletal muscle tissue engineering for VML treatment.
• To focus on studies utilizing 3D constructs that promote vascular and neural regeneration post-VML.
• To highlight the importance of vascular and neural integration for functional muscle recovery.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of preclinical studies on tissue engineered muscle constructs for VML.
• Analysis of studies focusing on the regeneration of vasculature and nerves within engineered muscle grafts.
• Evaluation of diverse defect sizes, construct characteristics, and outcome measures in VML models.

Main Results:

• Tissue engineered muscle constructs have shown potential in preclinical VML models.
• Successful regeneration of vasculature and nerves is crucial for functional recovery in VML.
• Various 3D construct designs and materials are being explored to enhance muscle regeneration.

Conclusions:

• Tissue engineering holds significant promise for treating VML by addressing the limitations of native muscle repair.
• Promoting vascular and neural regeneration within engineered muscle is key to achieving functional restoration.
• Further research into 3D construct design and biological integration is necessary for clinical translation.