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Updated: Jan 5, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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Hepatitis C.

C Wendy Spearman1, Geoffrey M Dusheiko2, Margaret Hellard3

  • 1Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects millions globally, with limited diagnosis and treatment hindering elimination efforts. Expanding access to diagnostics and curative therapies is crucial for achieving WHO 2030 targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health concern, with approximately 71.1 million individuals chronically infected.
  • HCV transmission occurs primarily through percutaneous blood exposure, with high-risk groups including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and prisoners.
  • Chronic HCV infection can lead to severe complications like cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma within 20-30 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the global burden of Hepatitis C virus infection.
  • To emphasize the gap in diagnosis and treatment of HCV.
  • To underscore the importance of accessible diagnostics and pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral therapy for HCV elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological data analysis of global HCV incidence and prevalence.
  • Review of transmission routes and high-risk populations for HCV.
  • Assessment of current diagnosis rates and treatment uptake for HCV.

Main Results:

  • In 2015, global HCV incidence was 23.7 per 100,000 population, with 1.75 million new infections.
  • HCV genotypes 1, 3, and 4 are the most prevalent globally.
  • Only 20% of individuals with hepatitis C are aware of their diagnosis, and merely 15% of those diagnosed have received treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Despite curative direct-acting antiviral therapies, significant barriers to diagnosis and treatment persist.
  • Achieving the World Health Organization's 2030 HCV elimination targets requires increased diagnosis and linkage to care.
  • Universal access to affordable point-of-care diagnostics and pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral therapy is essential for HCV eradication.