[Thromboprophylaxis in gynecological surgery : towards a comprehensive prevention]

Venous thromboembolic events (VTE), defined by deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, are potentially serious complications after gynecologic surgery. Without thromboprophylaxis, they are common and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Conversely, poorly adapted prophylaxis can be hazardous. Risk factors related to the patients and to the types of surgery have been identified and can be used to adapt the prophylaxis. Several recommendations have been proposed; however, no clear consensus exists. This article reviews the pathophysiology and specific risk factors of post-gynecologic surgical VTE and provides comprehensive and practical recommendations for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in gynecology, based on various international recommendations.