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Related Concept Videos

Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

754
Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
754

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Glass-Based Devices to Generate Drops and Emulsions
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Capillary-Based Microfluidics-Coflow, Flow-Focusing, Electro-Coflow, Drops, Jets, and Instabilities.

Josefa Guerrero1, Ya-Wen Chang2, Alexandros A Fragkopoulos3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Capillary microfluidics enables precise control over emulsion and suspension production. This review details fluid instabilities and breakup mechanisms in coflow and flow-focusing systems for optimized droplet generation.

Keywords:
dropselectro-coflowinstabilitiesjetsmicrofluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Microfluidics
  • Colloid Science

Background:

  • Capillary-based microfluidic devices are crucial for generating monodisperse emulsions and particulate suspensions.
  • Understanding drop and jet formation is key to controlling these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of drop and jet formation in capillary microfluidic devices.
  • To discuss fluid instabilities and breakup mechanisms in coflow and flow-focusing configurations.
  • To address challenges and advancements in droplet generation.

Main Methods:

  • Summarization of experimental and theoretical descriptions of fluid instabilities.
  • Analysis of conditions for controlled drop breakup in various generation modes.
  • Review of electro-coflow techniques for overcoming size limitations.

Main Results:

  • Detailed conditions for controlled drop breakup are provided for coflow and flow-focusing systems.
  • Physical mechanisms governing drop breakup are revisited for different scenarios.
  • Scaling arguments for drop breakup are introduced from existing literature.

Conclusions:

  • Capillary microfluidics offers robust methods for producing controlled emulsions and suspensions.
  • Further research into low interfacial tension systems and electro-capillary effects can enhance droplet generation capabilities.