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Microbiota transplant therapy and autism: lessons for the clinic

James B Adams1, Thomas J Borody2, Dae-Wook Kang3

  • 1School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.

Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|November 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Microbiota Transplant Therapy (MTT) shows promise for reducing gastrointestinal issues and autism symptoms in children. This intensive intestinal microbiota transplantation approach also positively impacts the gut microbiome, increasing its diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently associated with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders.
  • Gut microbiome alterations are observed in individuals with ASD and GI symptoms.
  • Intensive intestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT) is an emerging therapeutic approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review Microbiota Transplant Therapy (MTT) as a form of IMT for ASD.
  • To discuss GI symptoms and gut bacteria in children with ASD.
  • To summarize findings from intensive MTT studies in autism.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IMT, ASD, and GI disorders.
  • Analysis of results from an open-label study of MTT in children with ASD.
  • Examination of a two-year follow-up data.

Main Results:

  • MTT appears relatively safe and effective for reducing GI disorders in ASD.
  • MTT significantly decreased autism symptoms in the studied population.
  • The therapy altered gut microbiome structure and increased microbial diversity.

Conclusions:

  • MTT demonstrates potential as a therapeutic option for ASD with co-occurring GI issues.
  • Further investigation using rigorous study designs is recommended.
  • Larger, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.
Keywords:
Autismconstipationdiarrheafecal microbiota transplantgastrointestinal symptomsintestinal microbiota transplantmicrobiota transplant therapyvancomycin

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