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A new method for evaluating short fetal corpus callosum.

Ronnie Tepper1,2, Zvi Leibovitz3, Catherine Garel4

  • 1Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

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|November 1, 2019
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Summary

A new sonographic method uses the ratio of internal cranial occipitofrontal dimension to corpus callosum length to diagnose short corpus callosum (SCC). This ratio is significantly higher in fetuses with SCC, enabling rapid evaluation without biometry tables.

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Area of Science:

  • Fetal Medicine
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neurosonography

Background:

  • Sonographic diagnosis of short corpus callosum (SCC) typically relies on measuring the corpus callosum (CC) length against gestational age biometry tables.
  • A need exists for a more direct and rapid sonographic method for SCC evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel sonographic method for evaluating SCC.
  • To assess the ratio between the internal cranial occipitofrontal dimension (ICOFD) and CC length as a diagnostic marker for SCC.

Main Methods:

  • The ICOFD/CC length ratio was measured in the midsagittal plane of 399 normal fetuses and 31 fetuses diagnosed with SCC.
  • Gestational ages ranged from 20 + 6 to 35 + 3 weeks.
  • The impact of cephalic biometric parameters, fetal presentation, and gender on the ratio was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • In normal pregnancies, the ICOFD/CC length ratio remained constant (2.35 ± 0.11) across gestation.
  • No significant correlation was found between this ratio and cephalic index, BPD, head circumference, fetal sex, or presentation.
  • The ICOFD/CC length ratio was significantly elevated in fetuses with SCC (3.20 ± 0.84, P < .0001).

Conclusions:

  • The ICOFD/CC length ratio is a stable parameter in normal fetal development.
  • This ratio is significantly altered in cases of SCC.
  • Measuring the ICOFD/CC length ratio during fetal anatomical scans offers a rapid and reliable method for SCC assessment, obviating the need for traditional biometry tables.