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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
693
Transformation of Plane Stress01:18

Transformation of Plane Stress

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Studying stress transformation is essential in understanding how stress components within a material, like a cube under plane stress, change with rotation. This change is analyzed by considering a prismatic element within the cube. As the element rotates, the stress components acting on it—both normal and shearing stresses—change in magnitude and orientation. This change is quantified using trigonometric functions of the rotation angle, relating the forces acting on the rotated element's...
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Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section01:21

Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section

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When a material is subjected to uniaxial stress, it elongates or contracts in the direction of the applied force, and also undergoes changes in the perpendicular directions. This behavior is crucial for understanding how materials behave under stress and is governed by mechanical properties such as Poisson's ratio v, which measures the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
As the material stretches, it expands or contracts in orthogonal directions to the load. This phenomenon varies...
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Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

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Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
579
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

509
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Polarization singularities in a stress-engineered optic: erratum.

Ashan Ariyawansa, Kevin Liang, Thomas G Brown

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |November 2, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This erratum corrects errors in a prior publication. It ensures the accuracy of scientific data and findings for optics research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Scientific Publishing

    Background:

    • Previous research published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America A contained inaccuracies.
    • Ensuring the integrity of scientific literature is crucial for ongoing research and development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide official corrections to errors identified in a specific published paper.
    • To maintain the accuracy and reliability of the scientific record in optics.

    Main Methods:

    • Detailed review of the original publication.
    • Identification and documentation of specific errors.
    • Formulation of precise corrections.

    Main Results:

    • A list of specific errors found in the original paper.
    • Corrected data, equations, or interpretations.

    Conclusions:

    • The erratum rectifies the identified inaccuracies.
    • Readers are directed to consult the erratum for the corrected information.