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11-watt single-frequency 1342-nm laser based on multi-segmented Nd:YVO4 crystal.

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    Summary

    Researchers developed a novel multi-segmented neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO4) crystal design to overcome thermal limitations in high-power lasers. This innovation significantly reduces thermal lensing, enabling higher output power for applications like lithium atom cooling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Atomic Physics

    Background:

    • High-power continuous-wave (CW) single-frequency 1342 nm lasers are crucial for fundamental research, including laser cooling of lithium atoms.
    • Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO4) crystals are widely used but face limitations due to strong thermal effects, hindering output power.
    • Effective heat management is essential for maximizing the performance of Nd:YVO4 lasers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and optimize a multi-segmented Nd:YVO4 crystal to mitigate thermal lensing effects.
    • To improve the output power and stability of single-frequency 1342 nm lasers.
    • To investigate the impact of temperature on laser performance and thermal management.

    Main Methods:

    • A theoretical model was used to optimize a three-segment Nd:YVO4 crystal with varying doping concentrations.
    • Thermal lens power was measured for conventional and multi-segmented crystal designs under absorbed pump power.
    • The laser system was operated at room temperature and sub-room temperature (8°C) to evaluate output power and stability.

    Main Results:

    • The optimized multi-segmented Nd:YVO4 crystal demonstrated a two-fold reduction in thermal lens dioptric power compared to conventional designs.
    • A high-power all-solid-state laser achieved 10.0 W of single-frequency 1342 nm radiation at room temperature.
    • Operating at 8°C, the laser output power increased to 11.4 W, with stable operation (±0.42% power fluctuation, ±72 MHz frequency fluctuation over 3 hours).

    Conclusions:

    • The multi-segmented Nd:YVO4 crystal design effectively minimizes thermal lensing, enabling higher power output.
    • Lowering the operating temperature reduces detrimental effects like energy-transfer upconversion and excited-state absorption, further boosting laser performance.
    • This optimized laser system offers stable, high-power single-frequency output suitable for demanding scientific applications.