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Related Experiment Video

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Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays
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An Injectable Neural Stimulation Electrode Made from an In-Body Curing Polymer/Metal Composite.

James K Trevathan1,2, Ian W Baumgart1, Evan N Nicolai1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|November 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new injectable electrode, the Injectrode, offers a less invasive and more cost-effective approach to neural stimulation. This novel device conforms to targets, potentially expanding access to neuromodulation therapies.

Keywords:
biomaterialsinjectrodesneural interfacesneuromodulationperipheral nerves

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Implanted neural devices offer therapeutic potential for neurological conditions.
  • Current implantation procedures are invasive, complex, and costly, limiting accessibility.
  • A need exists for less invasive and more accessible neuromodulation technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel injectable electrode (Injectrode) for neural stimulation.
  • To create an electrode that minimizes surgical manipulation and conforms to neuroanatomical targets.
  • To assess the Injectrode's material properties and in vivo stimulation feasibility.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a flowable silicone-metal particle composite prepolymer.
  • Electrochemical characterization, including cathodic charge storage capacity (CSCC) and charge injection limits.
  • Microscopy analysis of material properties.
  • In vivo electrical stimulation feasibility studies in rats and swine.

Main Results:

  • The Injectrode material exhibits properties comparable to pure silver wire.
  • It demonstrates favorable charge storage capacity and injection limits versus a clinical electrode.
  • Successful electrical stimulation of the nervous system was achieved in animal models.
  • The Injectrode is orders of magnitude less stiff than conventional electrodes.

Conclusions:

  • The Injectrode represents a promising, less invasive, and potentially more cost-effective alternative to traditional neural electrodes.
  • Its injectable nature simplifies implantation, reducing surgical complexity and invasiveness.
  • This technology could significantly increase the adoption and accessibility of neuromodulation therapies.