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Ground reaction force across the transition during sprint acceleration
Ryu Nagahara1, Hiroaki Kanehisa1, Tetsuo Fukunaga1
1National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|November 10, 2019
Summary
Sprint acceleration transitions involve distinct ground reaction force (GRF) changes. These shifts, identified by specific breakpoints in vertical impulse, indicate alterations in antero-posterior GRF phases during sprinting.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Human Movement Science
- Sports Science
Background:
- Sprint acceleration is characterized by kinematic transitions.
- Previous research has identified these transitions in movement patterns.
- The presence of similar transitions in ground reaction force (GRF) during sprinting is not well-understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether ground reaction force (GRF) variables exhibit specific transition features during sprint acceleration.
- To identify potential criteria for detecting these transitions in GRF data.
Main Methods:
- Twenty-one male sprinters completed 60-m sprints with GRF data collection.
- Spatiotemporal and GRF variables were modeled using exponential and three-line functions.
- Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) analyzed GRF curve changes across identified transitions.
Main Results:
- A three-line approximation better modeled most GRF variables compared to an exponential function.
- Breakpoints around the 5th and 15th steps were detected in effective vertical impulse during the braking phase.
- SPM revealed significant differences in antero-posterior GRF curves post-breakpoint, with changes in braking and propulsive phases.
Conclusions:
- Sprint acceleration transitions are associated with identifiable alterations in GRF variables.
- Breakpoints in effective vertical impulse serve as indicators for GRF transitions.
- These transitions involve the emergence and disappearance of specific antero-posterior GRF phases.
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